关键词: 无线传感网络, LEACH 协议, 簇头选取, 能耗预测, 能量阈值

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of unreasonable cluster head distribution and fast energy consumption of some nodes in the LEACH protocol， an improved algorithm LEACH-ECP is proposed based on the IMPROVED-LEACH protocol. In the clustering stage， a predicted energy consumption is set for the node， taking into account three influencing factors: energy， density， and distance. Based on this predicted energy consumption， the remaining energy of the node after being selected as the cluster head is calculated. Then， dynamic energy thresholds are given based on the predicted values of the remaining energy of all nodes. The cluster head selection mechanism and member node entry mechanism are modified to extend the network lifecycle and reduce energy consumption. This article compares the LEACH-ECP protocol with LEACH and LEACH-IMPROVED algorithms. Simulation experiment results show that the appearance time of the first dead node in LEACH-ECP is 71% longer than LEACH and 13% longer than LEACH-IMPROVED. The LEACH-ECP algorithm can select cluster heads more reasonably and prolong the network lifecycle.

Key words: wireless sensor network, LEACH protocol, cluster head selection, energy consumption prediction, energy threshold