基于熵值理论的区块链网络去中心化程度量化评估方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2475.2019.10.005

计算机与现代化

基于熵值理论的区块链网络去中心化程度量化评估方法

(1.深圳信息职业技术学院，广东深圳518172;2.深圳市芯链科技有限公司，广东深圳518057）

收稿日期:2019-03-29 出版日期:2019-10-28 发布日期:2019-10-29
作者简介:邬可可(1980-),男,江西九江人,高级工程师,博士,研究方向:区块链,密码学,E-mail: 23719948@qq.com; 彭波(1975-),男,江西萍乡人,高级工程师,博士,研究方向:区块链,物联网; 通信作者:延霞(1978-),女,黑龙江哈尔滨人,副教授,硕士,研究方向:信息安全,E-mail: yanx@sziit.edu.cn。
基金资助:
广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2018A030313746)；深圳市基础研究项目(JCYJ20170817114239348)

Quantitative Evaluation Method for Degree of Decentralization of #br# Blockchain Network Based on Entropy Theory

(1. Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China;
2. Shenzhen Silico Design Technology Co. LTD., Shenzhen 518057, China)

Received:2019-03-29 Online:2019-10-28 Published:2019-10-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 去中心化是区块链网络的重要优势。然而，尽管人们普遍认识到这一性质的重要性，但大多数关于这一主题的研究缺乏量化，而且没有对它们在实践中实现的去中心化程度进行计算。熵是随机变量不确定性的度量，也就是数据集的随机性度量，正好可以用来衡量区块链网络的去中心化程度。本文以比特币和以太坊为例，提出一种基于信息论中熵值理论来量化计算这些区块链网络去中心化程度的方法。利用信息熵计算出比特币和以太坊的出块数量和地址余额的随机程度，以此作为量化比特币和以太坊去中心化程度的指标。计算结果表明，基于出块数量的全样本统计，比特币比以太坊要高出大约12%的去中心化程度，并且基于10000个地址余额的样本统计，比特币也比以太坊要高出大约9.2%的去中心化程度。本文提出的方法具有普适性，可以用来量化评估任何区块链网络的去中心化程度。

关键词: 区块链, 去中心化, 熵, 比特币, 以太坊

Abstract: The most primary advantage of blockchain networks is to be decentralization. However, despite the widely acknowledged importance of this property, most studies on this topic lack quantification, and none of them performs a measurement on the degree of decentralization they achieved in practice. Entropy is a measure of uncertainty of random variables, that is the measure of randomness of data sets, can be used to measure the degree of decentralization for blockchain networks. In this paper, taking Bitcoin and Ethereum for instances, we propose an entropy method in information theory to quantify the degree of decentralization for them. Using the information entropy, we calculate the degrees of randomness of blocks mined and address balances to quantify the degrees of decentralization for Bitcoin and Ethereum networks, and the results of calculations indicate that Bitcoin’s mining is more approximately 12% decentralized than Ethereum with full samples, and Bitcoin’s wealth is more approximately 9.2% decentralized than Ethereum with 10000 samples. The method proposed in this paper can be used to evaluate the degree of decentralization for any blockchain network.

Key words: blockchain, decentralization, entropy, Bitcoin, Ethereum

中图分类号:

TP393

邬可可1，彭波2，谢华2，黄臻2，延霞1. 基于熵值理论的区块链网络去中心化程度量化评估方法[J]. 计算机与现代化, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2475.2019.10.005.

WU Ke-ke1, PENG Bo2, XIE Hua2, HUANG Zhen2, YAN Xia1. Quantitative Evaluation Method for Degree of Decentralization of #br# Blockchain Network Based on Entropy Theory[J]. Computer and Modernization, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2475.2019.10.005.

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基于熵值理论的区块链网络去中心化程度量化评估方法

Quantitative Evaluation Method for Degree of Decentralization of #br# Blockchain Network Based on Entropy Theory

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