Abstract: In order to protect the binary document images’ integrity, a document watermarking algorithm for image authentication, integrity verification and tampered localization is proposed. The selection criteria of the flippable pixels are presented and the embeddable blocks are determined by the criteria. The watermarked image can be obtained by inserting the watermarking into the flippable pixels. The watermarking is performed by extracting the central pixel in the embeddable blocks. Experiments show that the watermarked document image has good quality and the embedded watermarking can be extracted without the original document image and the original watermarking. The tampered content can be detected and localized successfully.
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Key words: document watermarking, integrity verification, tampered localization